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Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
This short chapter is concerning the cities of refuge, which we often read of in the writings of Moses, but this is the last time that we find mention of them, for now that matter was thoroughly settled. Here is, I. The law God gave concerning them, ver. 1-6. II. The people's designation of the particular cities for that use, ver. 7-9. And this remedial law was a figure of good things to come.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
Joshua is commanded to appoint cities of refuge, Jos 20:1, Jos 20:2. The purpose of their institution, Jos 20:3-6. Three cities are appointed in the promised land, Jos 20:7; and three on the east side of Jordan, Jos 20:8, Jos 20:9.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
Jos 20:1, God commands, Jos 20:7, and the children of Israel appoint the six cities of refuge.
John Gill
INTRODUCTION TO JOSHUA 20
The contents of this chapter are the renewal of the order to appoint cities of refuge for such that commit manslaughter ignorantly, to flee unto, and have shelter in from the avenger of blood, Josh 20:1; and the execution of this order, Josh 20:7.
20:120:1: Խօսեցա՛ւ Տէր ընդ Յեսուայ՝ եւ ասէ. Խօսեա՛ց ընդ որդիսն Իսրայէլի, եւ ասասցես[2369]. [2369] Ոմանք. Եւ խօսեցաւ... խօսեաց ցորդիսդ Իսրայէլի։
1. Տէրը խօսեց Յեսուի հետ եւ ասաց. «Խօսի՛ր իսրայէլացիների հետ եւ ասա՛.
20 Տէրը խօսեցաւ Յեսուին՝ ըսելով.
Խօսեցաւ Տէր ընդ Յեսուայ եւ ասէ. Խօսեաց ընդ որդիսն Իսրայելի եւ ասասցես:

20:1: Խօսեցա՛ւ Տէր ընդ Յեսուայ՝ եւ ասէ. Խօսեա՛ց ընդ որդիսն Իսրայէլի, եւ ասասցես[2369].
[2369] Ոմանք. Եւ խօսեցաւ... խօսեաց ցորդիսդ Իսրայէլի։
1. Տէրը խօսեց Յեսուի հետ եւ ասաց. «Խօսի՛ր իսրայէլացիների հետ եւ ասա՛.
20 Տէրը խօսեցաւ Յեսուին՝ ըսելով.
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:11: И сказал Господь Иисусу, говоря:
20:1 καὶ και and; even ἐλάλησεν λαλεω talk; speak κύριος κυριος lord; master τῷ ο the Ἰησοῖ ιησους Iēsous; Iisus λέγων λεγω tell; declare
20:1 וַ wa וְ and יְדַבֵּ֣ר yᵊḏabbˈēr דבר speak יְהוָ֔ה [yᵊhwˈāh] יְהוָה YHWH אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to יְהֹושֻׁ֖עַ yᵊhôšˌuₐʕ יְהֹושֻׁעַ Joshua לֵ lē לְ to אמֹֽר׃ ʔmˈōr אמר say
20:1. et locutus est Dominus ad Iosue dicens loquere filiis Israhel et dic eisAnd the Lord spoke to Josue, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:
1. And the LORD spake unto Joshua, saying,
20:1. The LORD also spake unto Joshua, saying,
20:1. And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: “Speak to the sons of Israel, and say to them:
The LORD also spake unto Joshua, saying:

1: И сказал Господь Иисусу, говоря:
20:1
καὶ και and; even
ἐλάλησεν λαλεω talk; speak
κύριος κυριος lord; master
τῷ ο the
Ἰησοῖ ιησους Iēsous; Iisus
λέγων λεγω tell; declare
20:1
וַ wa וְ and
יְדַבֵּ֣ר yᵊḏabbˈēr דבר speak
יְהוָ֔ה [yᵊhwˈāh] יְהוָה YHWH
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
יְהֹושֻׁ֖עַ yᵊhôšˌuₐʕ יְהֹושֻׁעַ Joshua
לֵ לְ to
אמֹֽר׃ ʔmˈōr אמר say
20:1. et locutus est Dominus ad Iosue dicens loquere filiis Israhel et dic eis
And the Lord spoke to Josue, saying: Speak to children of Israel and say to them:
20:1. The LORD also spake unto Joshua, saying,
20:1. And the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying: “Speak to the sons of Israel, and say to them:
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А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
1: После разделения Ханаанской земли между коленами, во время того же народного собрания в Силоме, исполнено было и другое божественное повеление о городах убежища, данное Господом Моисею (Чис XXXV) и повторенное последним народу (Втор IV:41–43). Исполнению этого повеления, повторенного Иисусу Навину тогда, когда наступило время его выполнения, библейский писатель предпосылает краткое его изложение, в котором указаны цель установления (3: ст.), условия пользования городами убежища (4–5: ст.) и время пребывания в них (6: ст.).
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
The Cities of Refuge. B. C. 1444.

1 The LORD also spake unto Joshua, saying, 2 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses: 3 That the slayer that killeth any person unawares and unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood. 4 And when he that doth flee unto one of those cities shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city, and shall declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city, they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them. 5 And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime. 6 And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgment, and until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled.
Many things were by the law of Moses ordered to be done when they came to Canaan and this among the rest, the appointing of sanctuaries for the protecting of those that were guilty of casual murder, which was a privilege to all Israel, since no man could be sure but some time or other it might be his own case; and it was for the interest of the land that the blood of an innocent person, whose hand only was guilty but not his heart, should not be shed, no, not by the avenger of blood: of this law, which was so much for their advantage, God here reminds them, that they might remind themselves of the other laws he had given them, which concerned his honour. 1. Orders are given for the appointing of these cities (v. 2), and very seasonably at this time when the land was newly surveyed, and so they were the better able to divide the coasts of it into three parts, as God had directed them, in order to the more convenient situation of these cities of refuge, Deut. xix. 3. Yet it is probable that it was not done till after the Levites had their portion assigned them in the next chapter, because the cities of refuge were all to be Levites' cities. As soon as ever God had given them cities of rest, he bade them appoint cities of refuge, to which none of them knew but they might be glad to escape. Thus God provided, not only for their ease at all times, but for their safety in times of danger, and such times we must expect and prepare for in this world. And it intimates what God's spiritual Israel have and shall have, in Christ and heaven, not only rest to repose themselves in, but refuge to secure themselves in. And we cannot think these cities of refuge would have been so often and so much spoken of in the law of Moses, and have had so much care taken about them (when the intention of them might have been effectually answered, as it is in our law, by authorizing the courts of judgment to protect and acquit the manslayer in all those cases wherein he was to have privilege of sanctuary), if they were not designed to typify the relief which the gospel provides for poor penitent sinners, and their protection from the curse of the law and the wrath of God, in our Lord Jesus, to whom believers flee for refuge (Heb. vi. 18), and in whom they are found (Phil. iii. 9) as in a sanctuary, where they are privileged from arrests, and there is now no condemnation to them, Rom. viii. 1. 2. Instructions are given for the using of these cities. The laws in this matter we had before, Num. xxxv. 10, &c., where they were opened at large. (1.) It is supposed that a man might possibly kill a person, it might be his own child or dearest friend, unawares and unwittingly (v. 3), not only whom he hated not, but whom he truly loved beforetime (v. 5); for the way of man is not in himself. What reason have we to thank God who has kept us both from slaying and from being slain by accident! In this case, it is supposed that the relations of the person slain would demand the life of the slayer, as a satisfaction to that ancient law that whoso sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed. (2.) It is provided that if upon trial it appeared that the murder was done purely by accident, and not by design, either upon an old grudge or a sudden passion, then the slayer should be sheltered from the avenger of blood in any one of these cities, v. 4-6. By this law he was entitled to a dwelling in that city, was taken into the care of the government of it, but was confined to it, as prisoner at large; only, if he survived the high priest, then, and not till then, he might return to his own city. And the Jews say, "If he died before the high priest in the city of his refuge and exile, and was buried there, yet, at the death of the high priest, his bones should be removed with respect to the place of his fathers' sepulchres."
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:1: spake: Jos 5:14, Jos 6:2, Jos 7:10, Jos 13:1-7
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch
20:1
After the distribution of the land by lot among the tribes of Israel, six towns were set apart, in accordance with the Mosaic instructions in Num 35, as places of refuge for unintentional manslayers. Before describing the appointment and setting apart of these towns, the writer repeats in Josh 20:1-6 the main points of the Mosaic law contained in Num 35:9-29 and Deut 19:1-13, with reference to the reception of the manslayers into these towns. לכם תּנוּ, "give to you," i.e., appoint for yourselves, "cities of refuge," etc. In Josh 20:6, the two regulations, "until he stand before the congregation for judgment," and "until the death of the high priest," are to be understood, in accordance with the clear explanation given in Num 35:24-25, as meaning that the manslayer was to live in the town till the congregation had pronounced judgment upon the matter, and either given him up to the avenger of blood as a wilful murderer, or taken him back to the city of refuge as an unintentional manslayer, in which case he was to remain there till the death of the existing high priest. For further particulars, see at Num 35.
John Gill
20:1 The Lord also spake unto Joshua,.... Out of the tabernacle, at the door of which he with the high priest and princes were; the Lord had spoken to him before concerning dividing the land among the tribes, Josh 13:1; and this being done he speaks to him again:
saying:
as follows.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
20:1 THE LORD COMMANDS THE CITIES OF REFUGE. (Josh 20:1-6)
The Lord spake unto Joshua . . . Appoint out for you cities of refuge--(See Num. 35:9-28; Deut 19:1-13). The command here recorded was given on their going to occupy their allotted settlements. The sanctuaries were not temples or altars, as in other countries, but inhabited cities; and the design was not to screen criminals, but only to afford the homicide protection from the vengeance of the deceased's relatives until it should have been ascertained whether the death had resulted from accident and momentary passion, or from premeditated malice. The institution of the cities of refuge, together with the rules prescribed for the guidance of those who sought an asylum within their walls, was an important provision, tending to secure the ends of justice as well as of mercy.
20:220:2: Տո՛ւք զքաղաքս ապաստանացն զորոց խօսեցայ ընդ ձեզ ՚ի ձեռն Մովսիսի.
2. “Տուէ՛ք այն ապաստանի քաղաքները, որոնց մասին Մովսէսի միջոցով ձեզ ասել եմ,
2 «Խօսէ՛ Իսրայէլի որդիներուն ու ըսէ՝ ‘Մովսէսին միջոցով ձեզի ըսուած ապաստանի քաղաքները ձեզի համար որոշեցէք,
Տուք զքաղաքս ապաստանացն զորոց խօսեցայ ընդ ձեզ ի ձեռն Մովսիսի:

20:2: Տո՛ւք զքաղաքս ապաստանացն զորոց խօսեցայ ընդ ձեզ ՚ի ձեռն Մովսիսի.
2. “Տուէ՛ք այն ապաստանի քաղաքները, որոնց մասին Մովսէսի միջոցով ձեզ ասել եմ,
2 «Խօսէ՛ Իսրայէլի որդիներուն ու ըսէ՝ ‘Մովսէսին միջոցով ձեզի ըսուած ապաստանի քաղաքները ձեզի համար որոշեցէք,
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:22: скажи сынам Израилевым: сделайте у себя города убежища, о которых Я говорил вам чрез Моисея,
20:2 λάλησον λαλεω talk; speak τοῖς ο the υἱοῖς υιος son Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel λέγων λεγω tell; declare δότε διδωμι give; deposit τὰς ο the πόλεις πολις city τῶν ο the φυγαδευτηρίων φυγαδευτηριον who; what εἶπα επω say; speak πρὸς προς to; toward ὑμᾶς υμας you διὰ δια through; because of Μωυσῆ μωσευς Mōseus; Mosefs
20:2 דַּבֵּ֛ר dabbˈēr דבר speak אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to בְּנֵ֥י bᵊnˌê בֵּן son יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל yiśrāʔˌēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel לֵ lē לְ to אמֹ֑ר ʔmˈōr אמר say תְּנ֤וּ tᵊnˈû נתן give לָכֶם֙ lāḵˌem לְ to אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] עָרֵ֣י ʕārˈê עִיר town הַ ha הַ the מִּקְלָ֔ט mmiqlˈāṭ מִקְלָט refuge אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative] דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי dibbˌartî דבר speak אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם ʔᵃlêḵˌem אֶל to בְּ bᵊ בְּ in יַד־ yaḏ- יָד hand מֹשֶֽׁה׃ mōšˈeh מֹשֶׁה Moses
20:2. separate urbes fugitivorum de quibus locutus sum ad vos per manum MosiAppoint cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you by the hand of Moses:
2. Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Assign you the cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses:
20:2. Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses:
20:2. Separate the cities of refuge, about which I spoke to you by the hand of Moses,
Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses:

2: скажи сынам Израилевым: сделайте у себя города убежища, о которых Я говорил вам чрез Моисея,
20:2
λάλησον λαλεω talk; speak
τοῖς ο the
υἱοῖς υιος son
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
λέγων λεγω tell; declare
δότε διδωμι give; deposit
τὰς ο the
πόλεις πολις city
τῶν ο the
φυγαδευτηρίων φυγαδευτηριον who; what
εἶπα επω say; speak
πρὸς προς to; toward
ὑμᾶς υμας you
διὰ δια through; because of
Μωυσῆ μωσευς Mōseus; Mosefs
20:2
דַּבֵּ֛ר dabbˈēr דבר speak
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
בְּנֵ֥י bᵊnˌê בֵּן son
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל yiśrāʔˌēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
לֵ לְ to
אמֹ֑ר ʔmˈōr אמר say
תְּנ֤וּ tᵊnˈû נתן give
לָכֶם֙ lāḵˌem לְ to
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
עָרֵ֣י ʕārˈê עִיר town
הַ ha הַ the
מִּקְלָ֔ט mmiqlˈāṭ מִקְלָט refuge
אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative]
דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי dibbˌartî דבר speak
אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם ʔᵃlêḵˌem אֶל to
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
יַד־ yaḏ- יָד hand
מֹשֶֽׁה׃ mōšˈeh מֹשֶׁה Moses
20:2. separate urbes fugitivorum de quibus locutus sum ad vos per manum Mosi
Appoint cities of refuge, of which I spoke to you by the hand of Moses:
20:2. Speak to the children of Israel, saying, Appoint out for you cities of refuge, whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses:
20:2. Separate the cities of refuge, about which I spoke to you by the hand of Moses,
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Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
20:2: Cities of refuge - An institution of this kind was essentially necessary wherever the patriarchal law relative to the right of redemption and the avenging of blood was in force; we have already seen that the nearest of kin to a deceased person had not only the right of redeeming an inheritance that had been forfeited or alienated, but had also authority to slay on the spot the person who had slain his relative. Now, as a man might casually kill another against whom he had no ill-will, and with whom he had no quarrel, and might have his life taken away by him who was called the avenger of blood, though he had not forfeited his life to the law; therefore these privileged cities were appointed, where the person might have protection till the cause had been fully heard by the magistrates, who certainly had authority to deliver him up to the avenger, if they found, on examination, that he was not entitled to this protection. On this subject see the notes on Num 35:11 to the end.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:2: Appoint: Exo 21:13, Exo 21:14; Num 35:6, Num 35:11-14; Deu 4:41-43, Deu 19:2-13; Rom 8:1, Rom 8:33, Rom 8:34; Heb 6:18, Heb 6:19
you refuge: Num 35:15-24
John Gill
20:2 Speak to the children of Israel, saying,.... Whom the affair concerned the Lord spake to Joshua about, they having now the whole land divided among them:
appoint out for you cities of refuge; of the name, nature, use, and number of these cities; see Gill on Num 35:6,
whereof I spake unto you by the hand of Moses: Num 35:1.
John Wesley
20:2 Appoint - The possessions being now divided among you, reserve some of them for the use which I have commanded. Cities of refuge - Designed to typify the relief which the gospel provides for poor, penitent sinners, and their protection from the curse of the law and the wrath of God, in our Lord Jesus, to whom believers fly for refuge.
20:320:3: ապաստա՛ն սպանողի՝ որ սպանանէ զանձն ակամա՛յ յանգէտս, եւ եղիցին ձեզ քաղաքք ապաստանի. եւ մի՛ մեռցի սպանօղն ՚ի մերձաւորէ արեանն, մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի[2370]. [2370] Ոմանք. Որ սպանանիցէ... առաջի ամենայն ժողո՛՛։
3. որպէս ապաստան այն սպանողի համար, որ մարդ է սպանել ակամայ, դիպուածաբար: Դրանք ձեզ համար թող ապաստանի քաղաքներ լինեն, որպէսզի սպանողը սպանուածի արիւնակցի կողմից չսպանուի, մինչեւ որ ժողովրդի առաջ ատեանում չկանգնի:
3 Որպէս զի սխալմամբ ու անգիտութեամբ մարդ զարնելով սպաննողը հոն փախչի ու անոնք ձեզի ապաստանարան ըլլան արեան վրէժխնդիր եղողէն
ապաստան սպանողի որ սպանանէ զանձն ակամայ յանգէտս, եւ եղիցին ձեզ քաղաքք ապաստանի, [348]եւ մի՛ մեռցի սպանօղն`` ի մերձաւորէ արեանն, [349]մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի:

20:3: ապաստա՛ն սպանողի՝ որ սպանանէ զանձն ակամա՛յ յանգէտս, եւ եղիցին ձեզ քաղաքք ապաստանի. եւ մի՛ մեռցի սպանօղն ՚ի մերձաւորէ արեանն, մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի[2370].
[2370] Ոմանք. Որ սպանանիցէ... առաջի ամենայն ժողո՛՛։
3. որպէս ապաստան այն սպանողի համար, որ մարդ է սպանել ակամայ, դիպուածաբար: Դրանք ձեզ համար թող ապաստանի քաղաքներ լինեն, որպէսզի սպանողը սպանուածի արիւնակցի կողմից չսպանուի, մինչեւ որ ժողովրդի առաջ ատեանում չկանգնի:
3 Որպէս զի սխալմամբ ու անգիտութեամբ մարդ զարնելով սպաննողը հոն փախչի ու անոնք ձեզի ապաստանարան ըլլան արեան վրէժխնդիր եղողէն
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:33: чтобы мог убегать туда убийца, убивший человека по ошибке, без умысла; пусть [города сии] будут у вас убежищем от мстящего за кровь.
20:3 φυγαδευτήριον φυγαδευτηριον the φονευτῇ φονευτης the πατάξαντι πατασσω pat; impact ψυχὴν ψυχη soul ἀκουσίως ακουσιως and; even ἔσονται ειμι be ὑμῖν υμιν you αἱ ο the πόλεις πολις city φυγαδευτήριον φυγαδευτηριον and; even οὐκ ου not ἀποθανεῖται αποθνησκω die ὁ ο the φονευτὴς φονευτης under; by τοῦ ο the ἀγχιστεύοντος αγχιστευω the αἷμα αιμα blood; bloodstreams ἕως εως till; until ἂν αν perhaps; ever καταστῇ καθιστημι establish; appoint ἐναντίον εναντιον next to; before τῆς ο the συναγωγῆς συναγωγη gathering εἰς εις into; for κρίσιν κρισις decision; judgment
20:3 לָ lā לְ to נ֥וּס nˌûs נוס flee שָׁ֨מָּה֙ šˈāmmā שָׁם there רֹוצֵ֔חַ rôṣˈēₐḥ רצח kill מַכֵּה־ makkē- נכה strike נֶ֥פֶשׁ nˌefeš נֶפֶשׁ soul בִּ bi בְּ in שְׁגָגָ֖ה šᵊḡāḡˌā שְׁגָגָה error בִּ bi בְּ in בְלִי־ vᵊlî- בְּלִי destruction דָ֑עַת ḏˈāʕaṯ דַּעַת knowledge וְ wᵊ וְ and הָי֤וּ hāyˈû היה be לָכֶם֙ lāḵˌem לְ to לְ lᵊ לְ to מִקְלָ֔ט miqlˈāṭ מִקְלָט refuge מִ mi מִן from גֹּאֵ֖ל ggōʔˌēl גאל redeem הַ ha הַ the דָּֽם׃ ddˈām דָּם blood
20:3. ut confugiat ad eas quicumque animam percusserit nescius et possit evadere iram proximi qui ultor est sanguinisThat whosoever shall kill a person unawares may flee to them, and may escape the wrath of the kinsman, who is the avenger of blood.
3. that the manslayer that killeth any person unwittingly unawares may flee thither: and they shall be unto you for a refuge from the avenger of blood.
20:3. That the slayer that killeth [any] person unawares [and] unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood.
20:3. so that anyone who will have struck down a life unintentionally may flee to them. And so, he may be able to escape from the wrath of a close relative, who is an avenger of blood.
That the slayer that killeth [any] person unawares [and] unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood:

3: чтобы мог убегать туда убийца, убивший человека по ошибке, без умысла; пусть [города сии] будут у вас убежищем от мстящего за кровь.
20:3
φυγαδευτήριον φυγαδευτηριον the
φονευτῇ φονευτης the
πατάξαντι πατασσω pat; impact
ψυχὴν ψυχη soul
ἀκουσίως ακουσιως and; even
ἔσονται ειμι be
ὑμῖν υμιν you
αἱ ο the
πόλεις πολις city
φυγαδευτήριον φυγαδευτηριον and; even
οὐκ ου not
ἀποθανεῖται αποθνησκω die
ο the
φονευτὴς φονευτης under; by
τοῦ ο the
ἀγχιστεύοντος αγχιστευω the
αἷμα αιμα blood; bloodstreams
ἕως εως till; until
ἂν αν perhaps; ever
καταστῇ καθιστημι establish; appoint
ἐναντίον εναντιον next to; before
τῆς ο the
συναγωγῆς συναγωγη gathering
εἰς εις into; for
κρίσιν κρισις decision; judgment
20:3
לָ לְ to
נ֥וּס nˌûs נוס flee
שָׁ֨מָּה֙ šˈāmmā שָׁם there
רֹוצֵ֔חַ rôṣˈēₐḥ רצח kill
מַכֵּה־ makkē- נכה strike
נֶ֥פֶשׁ nˌefeš נֶפֶשׁ soul
בִּ bi בְּ in
שְׁגָגָ֖ה šᵊḡāḡˌā שְׁגָגָה error
בִּ bi בְּ in
בְלִי־ vᵊlî- בְּלִי destruction
דָ֑עַת ḏˈāʕaṯ דַּעַת knowledge
וְ wᵊ וְ and
הָי֤וּ hāyˈû היה be
לָכֶם֙ lāḵˌem לְ to
לְ lᵊ לְ to
מִקְלָ֔ט miqlˈāṭ מִקְלָט refuge
מִ mi מִן from
גֹּאֵ֖ל ggōʔˌēl גאל redeem
הַ ha הַ the
דָּֽם׃ ddˈām דָּם blood
20:3. ut confugiat ad eas quicumque animam percusserit nescius et possit evadere iram proximi qui ultor est sanguinis
That whosoever shall kill a person unawares may flee to them, and may escape the wrath of the kinsman, who is the avenger of blood.
20:3. That the slayer that killeth [any] person unawares [and] unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood.
20:3. so that anyone who will have struck down a life unintentionally may flee to them. And so, he may be able to escape from the wrath of a close relative, who is an avenger of blood.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ kjv_1900▾ catholic_pdv▾
jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
3: Цель учреждения городов убежища состояла в том, чтобы при действии у израильтян, как и у других восточных народов, кровавой мести, допущенной вообще в законе Моисея (Толковая Библия, т. I, с. 258), предотвратить гибельные ее последствия в применении к ненамеренному убийце (по ошибке, без умысла), который мог бы находить безопасное пристанище от мстителя за кровь, каким был обыкновенно ближайший родственник убитого. Признаки ненамеренного убийства подробно изложены в Чис XXXV:22–24, Втор XIX:4–6. Поставленные в скобках слова города сии… чтобы не умер убивший… доколе не предстанет пред общество на суд не читаются в еврейском тексте, но находятся в греческих списках, древних и позднейших, равно как и в древнем [В. К. Лебедев, 231; 240; 386.] и нынешнем славянском переводе. По своему содержанию они вполне соответствуют сказанному в Чис ХXXV:12.
Geneva 1599
20:3 That the slayer that killeth [any] person (a) unawares [and] unwittingly may flee thither: and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood.
(a) At unawares and bearing him no grudge.
John Gill
20:3 That the slayer that killeth any person unawares, and unwittingly, may flee thither,.... Who through mere accident, and without design, killed a person, friend or foe, one of his own kindred, or a stranger, without any malice against him, or intention to take away his life:
and they shall be your refuge from the avenger of blood; from any of the relations of the deceased, who might be stirred up to avenge the blood of his kinsman on the slayer; see Num 35:12.
John Wesley
20:3 Unwittingly - Heb. Through ignorance, or error, or mistake, and without knowledge. The same thing twice repeated to cut off all the expectations that wilful murderers might have of protection here; God having declared, that such should be taken even from his altar, that they might be killed. It is strange that any Christians should make their sanctuaries give protection to such persons whom God hath so expressly excepted from it! Avenger - The nearest kinsman, who had right or power to demand, or take vengeance of the slaughter.
20:420:4: եւ փախիցէ՛ ՚ի մի ՚ի քաղաքացն այնոցիկ. եւ կացցէ ՚ի մուտս դրան քաղաքին, եւ խօսեսցի յականջս ծերո՛ց քաղաքին այնորիկ զբանս իւր։ Եւ ժողովեսցեն զնա ժողովուրդն առ ինքեա՛նս, եւ տացեն նմա տեղի, եւ բնակեսցէ՛ ընդ նոսա։
4. Ակամայ սպանողը թող փախչի այդ քաղաքներից մէկը, կանգնի քաղաքի դռան մօտ եւ այդ քաղաքի ծերերին ի լուր ասի իր խօսքը: Ժողովուրդը թող նրան ընդունի իր մօտ, նրան տեղ տայ, եւ նա բնակուի նրանց հետ:
4 Եւ անգիտութեամբ սպաննողը այն քաղաքներէն մէկուն մէջ թող փախչի ու քաղաքին դուռը կայնի եւ այն քաղաքին ծերերուն իր պարագան յայտնէ, որպէս զի լսեն ու անոնք զանիկա քաղաքին մէջ իրենց քով առնելով՝ անոր տեղ մը տան, որպէս զի իրենց հետ բնակի։
եւ փախիցէ ի մի ի քաղաքացն այնոցիկ, եւ կացցէ ի մուտս դրան քաղաքին, եւ խօսեսցի յականջս ծերոց քաղաքին այնորիկ զբանս իւր. եւ ժողովեսցեն զնա ժողովուրդն առ ինքեանս, եւ տացեն նմա տեղի, եւ բնակեսցէ ընդ նոսա:

20:4: եւ փախիցէ՛ ՚ի մի ՚ի քաղաքացն այնոցիկ. եւ կացցէ ՚ի մուտս դրան քաղաքին, եւ խօսեսցի յականջս ծերո՛ց քաղաքին այնորիկ զբանս իւր։ Եւ ժողովեսցեն զնա ժողովուրդն առ ինքեա՛նս, եւ տացեն նմա տեղի, եւ բնակեսցէ՛ ընդ նոսա։
4. Ակամայ սպանողը թող փախչի այդ քաղաքներից մէկը, կանգնի քաղաքի դռան մօտ եւ այդ քաղաքի ծերերին ի լուր ասի իր խօսքը: Ժողովուրդը թող նրան ընդունի իր մօտ, նրան տեղ տայ, եւ նա բնակուի նրանց հետ:
4 Եւ անգիտութեամբ սպաննողը այն քաղաքներէն մէկուն մէջ թող փախչի ու քաղաքին դուռը կայնի եւ այն քաղաքին ծերերուն իր պարագան յայտնէ, որպէս զի լսեն ու անոնք զանիկա քաղաքին մէջ իրենց քով առնելով՝ անոր տեղ մը տան, որպէս զի իրենց հետ բնակի։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:44: И кто убежит в один из городов сих, пусть станет у ворот города и расскажет вслух старейшин города сего дело свое; и они примут его к себе в город и дадут ему место, чтоб он жил у них;
20:7 καὶ και and; even διέστειλεν διαστελλω enjoin; distinctly command τὴν ο the Καδης καδης in τῇ ο the Γαλιλαίᾳ γαλιλαια Galilaia; Galilea ἐν εν in τῷ ο the ὄρει ορος mountain; mount τῷ ο the Νεφθαλι νεφθαλειμ Nephthaleim; Nefthalim καὶ και and; even Συχεμ συχεμ Sychem; Sikhem ἐν εν in τῷ ο the ὄρει ορος mountain; mount τῷ ο the Εφραιμ εφραιμ Ephraim; Efrem καὶ και and; even τὴν ο the πόλιν πολις city Αρβοκ αρβοκ this; he ἐστὶν ειμι be Χεβρων χεβρων in τῷ ο the ὄρει ορος mountain; mount τῷ ο the Ιουδα ιουδα Iouda; Iutha
20:4 וְ wᵊ וְ and נָ֞ס nˈās נוס flee אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to אַחַ֣ת׀ ʔaḥˈaṯ אֶחָד one מֵ mē מִן from הֶ he הַ the עָרִ֣ים ʕārˈîm עִיר town הָ hā הַ the אֵ֗לֶּה ʔˈēlleh אֵלֶּה these וְ wᵊ וְ and עָמַד֙ ʕāmˌaḏ עמד stand פֶּ֚תַח ˈpeṯaḥ פֶּתַח opening שַׁ֣עַר šˈaʕar שַׁעַר gate הָ hā הַ the עִ֔יר ʕˈîr עִיר town וְ wᵊ וְ and דִבֶּ֛ר ḏibbˈer דבר speak בְּ bᵊ בְּ in אָזְנֵ֛י ʔoznˈê אֹזֶן ear זִקְנֵ֥י ziqnˌê זָקֵן old הָ hā הַ the עִֽיר־ ʕˈîr- עִיר town הַ ha הַ the הִ֖יא hˌî הִיא she אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] דְּבָרָ֑יו dᵊvārˈāʸw דָּבָר word וְ wᵊ וְ and אָסְפ֨וּ ʔāsᵊfˌû אסף gather אֹתֹ֤ו ʔōṯˈô אֵת [object marker] הָ hā הַ the עִ֨ירָה֙ ʕˈîrā עִיר town אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם ʔᵃlêhˈem אֶל to וְ wᵊ וְ and נָתְנוּ־ nāṯᵊnû- נתן give לֹ֥ו lˌô לְ to מָקֹ֖ום māqˌôm מָקֹום place וְ wᵊ וְ and יָשַׁ֥ב yāšˌav ישׁב sit עִמָּֽם׃ ʕimmˈām עִם with
20:4. cum ad unam harum confugerit civitatum stabitque ante portam civitatis et loquetur senioribus urbis illius ea quae se conprobent innocentem sicque suscipient eum et dabunt ei locum ad habitandumAnd when he shall flee to one of these cities: he shall stand before the gate of the city, and shall speak to the ancients of that city, such things as prove him innocent: and so shall they receive him, and give him a place to dwell in.
4. And he shall flee unto one of those cities, and shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city, and declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city; and they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them.
20:4. And when he that doth flee unto one of those cities shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city, and shall declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city, they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them.
20:4. And when he will have fled to one of these cities, he shall stand before the gate of the city, and he shall speak to the ancients of that city, the things that prove him innocent. And so shall they receive him, and give him a place in which to live.
And when he that doth flee unto one of those cities shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city, and shall declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city, they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them:

4: И кто убежит в один из городов сих, пусть станет у ворот города и расскажет вслух старейшин города сего дело свое; и они примут его к себе в город и дадут ему место, чтоб он жил у них;
20:7
καὶ και and; even
διέστειλεν διαστελλω enjoin; distinctly command
τὴν ο the
Καδης καδης in
τῇ ο the
Γαλιλαίᾳ γαλιλαια Galilaia; Galilea
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
ὄρει ορος mountain; mount
τῷ ο the
Νεφθαλι νεφθαλειμ Nephthaleim; Nefthalim
καὶ και and; even
Συχεμ συχεμ Sychem; Sikhem
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
ὄρει ορος mountain; mount
τῷ ο the
Εφραιμ εφραιμ Ephraim; Efrem
καὶ και and; even
τὴν ο the
πόλιν πολις city
Αρβοκ αρβοκ this; he
ἐστὶν ειμι be
Χεβρων χεβρων in
τῷ ο the
ὄρει ορος mountain; mount
τῷ ο the
Ιουδα ιουδα Iouda; Iutha
20:4
וְ wᵊ וְ and
נָ֞ס nˈās נוס flee
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
אַחַ֣ת׀ ʔaḥˈaṯ אֶחָד one
מֵ מִן from
הֶ he הַ the
עָרִ֣ים ʕārˈîm עִיר town
הָ הַ the
אֵ֗לֶּה ʔˈēlleh אֵלֶּה these
וְ wᵊ וְ and
עָמַד֙ ʕāmˌaḏ עמד stand
פֶּ֚תַח ˈpeṯaḥ פֶּתַח opening
שַׁ֣עַר šˈaʕar שַׁעַר gate
הָ הַ the
עִ֔יר ʕˈîr עִיר town
וְ wᵊ וְ and
דִבֶּ֛ר ḏibbˈer דבר speak
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
אָזְנֵ֛י ʔoznˈê אֹזֶן ear
זִקְנֵ֥י ziqnˌê זָקֵן old
הָ הַ the
עִֽיר־ ʕˈîr- עִיר town
הַ ha הַ the
הִ֖יא hˌî הִיא she
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
דְּבָרָ֑יו dᵊvārˈāʸw דָּבָר word
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אָסְפ֨וּ ʔāsᵊfˌû אסף gather
אֹתֹ֤ו ʔōṯˈô אֵת [object marker]
הָ הַ the
עִ֨ירָה֙ ʕˈîrā עִיר town
אֲלֵיהֶ֔ם ʔᵃlêhˈem אֶל to
וְ wᵊ וְ and
נָתְנוּ־ nāṯᵊnû- נתן give
לֹ֥ו lˌô לְ to
מָקֹ֖ום māqˌôm מָקֹום place
וְ wᵊ וְ and
יָשַׁ֥ב yāšˌav ישׁב sit
עִמָּֽם׃ ʕimmˈām עִם with
20:4. cum ad unam harum confugerit civitatum stabitque ante portam civitatis et loquetur senioribus urbis illius ea quae se conprobent innocentem sicque suscipient eum et dabunt ei locum ad habitandum
And when he shall flee to one of these cities: he shall stand before the gate of the city, and shall speak to the ancients of that city, such things as prove him innocent: and so shall they receive him, and give him a place to dwell in.
20:4. And when he that doth flee unto one of those cities shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city, and shall declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city, they shall take him into the city unto them, and give him a place, that he may dwell among them.
20:4. And when he will have fled to one of these cities, he shall stand before the gate of the city, and he shall speak to the ancients of that city, the things that prove him innocent. And so shall they receive him, and give him a place in which to live.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ kjv_1900▾ catholic_pdv▾
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А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
4-5: Безопасное пристанище в городе убежища мог найти убийца при том единственном условии, если он оказывался действительно без умысла убившим ближнего своего по суду старейшин города, которым он вслух рассказывал свое дело. Особые применения этого закона указаны в Чис XXXV:24, 25; Втор ХIX:11–13.
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
20:4: As soon as the manslayer presented himself at the city of refuge, the elders of the city were to hold an inquiry, and receive him provisionally into the city. Afterward, when the avenger of blood should have tracked his victim to the city, and appear to claim him, a more formal and thorough investigation Jos 20:6 was to be made. Consult the marginal references.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:4: at the entering: Rut 4:1, Rut 4:2; Job 5:4, Job 29:7; Pro 31:23; Jer 38:7
take: Psa 26:9
that he may: Heb 6:18
John Gill
20:4 And when he that doth flee unto one of those cities,.... Any one of them, that was nearest to him:
shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city; for he might not rush in without leave:
and shall declare his cause in the ears of the elders of that city; lay before them the whole matter, how that he had killed a person unawares, by what means it came about, and that it was merely through error, without any malicious design, and was a mere accident:
they shall take him into the city unto them; directly, lest the avenger of blood should come and seize on him, and kill him; and they were to take him into the city, not only to prevent that, but to examine him still more closely about the matter, and get further satisfaction; and being satisfied, were to continue him in it:
and give him a place, that he might dwell among them; until his death, or the death of the high priest, if that was first. Kimchi observes from their Rabbins, the he was not to hire a house all the time of his dwelling there, but was to have one freely, because it is said, "and give him", &c.
John Wesley
20:4 The gate - Where the judges used to sit. His cause - Shall give them a true relation of the fact, and all its circumstances. They shall take him - If they are satisfied in the relation he makes, concerning the fact, otherwise it had been a vain thing to examine. Give a place - Which they might well allow him, because God gave them the city with a reservation for such persons.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
20:4 he that doth flee unto one of those cities shall stand at the entering of the gate of the city--It was the place of public resort, and on arriving there he related his tale of distress to the elders, who were bound to give him shelter and the means of support, until the local authorities (Josh 20:6), having carefully investigated the case, should have pronounced the decision. If found guilty, the manslayer was surrendered to the blood-avenger; if extenuating circumstances appeared, he was to remain in the city of refuge, where he would be safe from the vindictive feelings of his pursuers; but he forfeited the privilege of immunity the moment he ventured beyond the walls.
20:520:5: Եւ եթէ երթայցէ մերձաւոր արեանն զկնի նորա, մի՛ մատնեսցեն զսպանօղն ՚ի ձեռս նորա. քանզի յանգէ՛տս եհար զընկերն իւր, եւ ո՛չ ատեայր զնա յերէկն եւ յեռանդ։
5. Եւ եթէ սպանուածի արիւնակիցը գնայ նրա ետեւից, սպանողին նրա ձեռքը թող չմատնեն, քանի որ նա իր ընկերոջը դիպուածաբար է սպանել եւ նրա դէմ նախկինում ատելութիւն չի ունեցել:
5 Երբ արեան վրէժխնդիրը անոր ետեւէն իյնայ, սպաննողը անոր ձեռքը թող չտան. քանզի անիկա իր դրացին անգիտութեամբ մեռցուցեր է։ Նախապէս անոր դէմ թշնամութիւն ունեցած չէ։
Եւ եթէ երթայցէ մերձաւոր արեանն զկնի նորա, մի՛ մատնեսցեն զսպանօղն ի ձեռս նորա. քանզի յանգէտս եհար զընկերն իւր, եւ ոչ ատեայր զնա յերէկն եւ յեռանդ:

20:5: Եւ եթէ երթայցէ մերձաւոր արեանն զկնի նորա, մի՛ մատնեսցեն զսպանօղն ՚ի ձեռս նորա. քանզի յանգէ՛տս եհար զընկերն իւր, եւ ո՛չ ատեայր զնա յերէկն եւ յեռանդ։
5. Եւ եթէ սպանուածի արիւնակիցը գնայ նրա ետեւից, սպանողին նրա ձեռքը թող չմատնեն, քանի որ նա իր ընկերոջը դիպուածաբար է սպանել եւ նրա դէմ նախկինում ատելութիւն չի ունեցել:
5 Երբ արեան վրէժխնդիրը անոր ետեւէն իյնայ, սպաննողը անոր ձեռքը թող չտան. քանզի անիկա իր դրացին անգիտութեամբ մեռցուցեր է։ Նախապէս անոր դէմ թշնամութիւն ունեցած չէ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:55: и когда погонится за ним мстящий за кровь, то они не должны выдавать в руки его убийцу, потому что он без умысла убил ближнего своего, не имел к нему ненависти ни вчера, ни третьего дня;
20:8 καὶ και and; even ἐν εν in τῷ ο the πέραν περαν on the other side τοῦ ο the Ιορδάνου ιορδανης Iordanēs; Iorthanis ἔδωκεν διδωμι give; deposit Βοσορ βοσορ Bosor; Vosor ἐν εν in τῇ ο the ἐρήμῳ ερημος lonesome; wilderness ἐν εν in τῷ ο the πεδίῳ πεδιον from; away τῆς ο the φυλῆς φυλη tribe Ρουβην ρουβην Reuben καὶ και and; even Αρημωθ αρημωθ in τῇ ο the Γαλααδ γαλααδ from; out of τῆς ο the φυλῆς φυλη tribe Γαδ γαδ Gad; Gath καὶ και and; even τὴν ο the Γαυλων γαυλων in τῇ ο the Βασανίτιδι βασανιτις from; out of τῆς ο the φυλῆς φυλη tribe Μανασση μανασσης Manassēs; Manassis
20:5 וְ wᵊ וְ and כִ֨י ḵˌî כִּי that יִרְדֹּ֜ף yirdˈōf רדף pursue גֹּאֵ֤ל gōʔˈēl גאל redeem הַ ha הַ the דָּם֙ ddˌām דָּם blood אַֽחֲרָ֔יו ʔˈaḥᵃrˈāʸw אַחַר after וְ wᵊ וְ and לֹֽא־ lˈō- לֹא not יַסְגִּ֥רוּ yasgˌirû סגר close אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] הָ hā הַ the רֹצֵ֖חַ rōṣˌēₐḥ רצח kill בְּ bᵊ בְּ in יָדֹ֑ו yāḏˈô יָד hand כִּ֤י kˈî כִּי that בִ vi בְּ in בְלִי־ vᵊlî- בְּלִי destruction דַ֨עַת֙ ḏˈaʕaṯ דַּעַת knowledge הִכָּ֣ה hikkˈā נכה strike אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] רֵעֵ֔הוּ rēʕˈēhû רֵעַ fellow וְ wᵊ וְ and לֹֽא־ lˈō- לֹא not שֹׂנֵ֥א śōnˌē שׂנא hate ה֛וּא hˈû הוּא he לֹ֖ו lˌô לְ to מִ mi מִן from תְּמֹ֥ול ttᵊmˌôl תְּמֹול yesterday שִׁלְשֹֽׁום׃ šilšˈôm שִׁלְשֹׁום day before yesterday
20:5. cumque ultor sanguinis eum fuerit persecutus non tradent in manus eius quia ignorans percussit proximum eius nec ante biduum triduumve eius probatur inimicusAnd when the avenger of blood shall pursue him, they shall not deliver him into his hands, because he slew his neighbour unawares, and is not proved to have been his enemy two or three days before,
5. And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver up the manslayer into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unawares, and hated him not beforetime.
20:5. And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime.
20:5. And if the avenger of blood will have pursued him, they shall not deliver him into his hands. For he struck down his neighbor unknowingly, one who was not proven to have been his enemy two or three days before.
And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime:

5: и когда погонится за ним мстящий за кровь, то они не должны выдавать в руки его убийцу, потому что он без умысла убил ближнего своего, не имел к нему ненависти ни вчера, ни третьего дня;
20:8
καὶ και and; even
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
πέραν περαν on the other side
τοῦ ο the
Ιορδάνου ιορδανης Iordanēs; Iorthanis
ἔδωκεν διδωμι give; deposit
Βοσορ βοσορ Bosor; Vosor
ἐν εν in
τῇ ο the
ἐρήμῳ ερημος lonesome; wilderness
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
πεδίῳ πεδιον from; away
τῆς ο the
φυλῆς φυλη tribe
Ρουβην ρουβην Reuben
καὶ και and; even
Αρημωθ αρημωθ in
τῇ ο the
Γαλααδ γαλααδ from; out of
τῆς ο the
φυλῆς φυλη tribe
Γαδ γαδ Gad; Gath
καὶ και and; even
τὴν ο the
Γαυλων γαυλων in
τῇ ο the
Βασανίτιδι βασανιτις from; out of
τῆς ο the
φυλῆς φυλη tribe
Μανασση μανασσης Manassēs; Manassis
20:5
וְ wᵊ וְ and
כִ֨י ḵˌî כִּי that
יִרְדֹּ֜ף yirdˈōf רדף pursue
גֹּאֵ֤ל gōʔˈēl גאל redeem
הַ ha הַ the
דָּם֙ ddˌām דָּם blood
אַֽחֲרָ֔יו ʔˈaḥᵃrˈāʸw אַחַר after
וְ wᵊ וְ and
לֹֽא־ lˈō- לֹא not
יַסְגִּ֥רוּ yasgˌirû סגר close
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
הָ הַ the
רֹצֵ֖חַ rōṣˌēₐḥ רצח kill
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
יָדֹ֑ו yāḏˈô יָד hand
כִּ֤י kˈî כִּי that
בִ vi בְּ in
בְלִי־ vᵊlî- בְּלִי destruction
דַ֨עַת֙ ḏˈaʕaṯ דַּעַת knowledge
הִכָּ֣ה hikkˈā נכה strike
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
רֵעֵ֔הוּ rēʕˈēhû רֵעַ fellow
וְ wᵊ וְ and
לֹֽא־ lˈō- לֹא not
שֹׂנֵ֥א śōnˌē שׂנא hate
ה֛וּא hˈû הוּא he
לֹ֖ו lˌô לְ to
מִ mi מִן from
תְּמֹ֥ול ttᵊmˌôl תְּמֹול yesterday
שִׁלְשֹֽׁום׃ šilšˈôm שִׁלְשֹׁום day before yesterday
20:5. cumque ultor sanguinis eum fuerit persecutus non tradent in manus eius quia ignorans percussit proximum eius nec ante biduum triduumve eius probatur inimicus
And when the avenger of blood shall pursue him, they shall not deliver him into his hands, because he slew his neighbour unawares, and is not proved to have been his enemy two or three days before,
20:5. And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime.
20:5. And if the avenger of blood will have pursued him, they shall not deliver him into his hands. For he struck down his neighbor unknowingly, one who was not proven to have been his enemy two or three days before.
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jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ all ▾
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:5: Num 35:12, Num 35:25
Geneva 1599
20:5 And if the (b) avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime.
(b) That is, the nearest kinsman of him that is slain.
John Gill
20:5 And if the avenger of blood pursue after him,.... To the city of refuge, whither he is fled, and demand him:
then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hands; to be slain by him, but shall protect him:
because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime; See Gill on Num 35:22; see Gill on Num 35:23, and See Gill on Deut 19:6.
20:620:6: Եւ բնակեսցէ՛ ՚ի քաղաքին յայնմիկ մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի, մինչեւ մեռանիցի քահանայն մեծ՝ որ իցէ յաւուրսն յայնոսիկ. եւ ապա՛ դարձցի սպանօղն եւ եկեսցէ ՚ի տեղի՛ իւր՝ եւ ՚ի տուն իւր, եւ ՚ի քաղաքն ուստի փախեաւ[2371]։ [2371] Ոմանք. Եւ մնասցէ ՚ի քաղաքին յայնմիկ մինչեւ։
6. Թող նա այդ քաղաքում բնակուի, մինչեւ որ կանգնի ժողովրդի առաջ ատեանում, մինչեւ որ այն օրերին եղող մեծ քահանան վախճանուի: Յետոյ սպանողը թող ետ դառնայ եւ գայ իր տեղը, իր տունը, այն քաղաքը, որտեղից փախել է”»:
6 Եւ անիկա այն քաղաքին մէջ պիտի բնակի, մինչեւ որ դատաստանի համար ժողովին առջեւ կայնի ու մինչեւ որ այն օրուան քահանայապետը մեռնի։ Անկէ ետքը սպաննողը կրնայ դառնալ իր քաղաքը ու իր տունը երթալ՝ այսինքն այն քաղաքը ուրկէ փախեր էր։
Եւ բնակեսցէ ի քաղաքին յայնմիկ մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի, մինչեւ մեռանիցի քահանայն մեծ որ իցէ յաւուրսն յայնոսիկ. եւ ապա դարձցի սպանօղն եւ եկեսցէ ի տեղի իւր եւ ի տուն իւր, ի քաղաքն ուստի փախեաւ:

20:6: Եւ բնակեսցէ՛ ՚ի քաղաքին յայնմիկ մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի, մինչեւ մեռանիցի քահանայն մեծ՝ որ իցէ յաւուրսն յայնոսիկ. եւ ապա՛ դարձցի սպանօղն եւ եկեսցէ ՚ի տեղի՛ իւր՝ եւ ՚ի տուն իւր, եւ ՚ի քաղաքն ուստի փախեաւ[2371]։
[2371] Ոմանք. Եւ մնասցէ ՚ի քաղաքին յայնմիկ մինչեւ։
6. Թող նա այդ քաղաքում բնակուի, մինչեւ որ կանգնի ժողովրդի առաջ ատեանում, մինչեւ որ այն օրերին եղող մեծ քահանան վախճանուի: Յետոյ սպանողը թող ետ դառնայ եւ գայ իր տեղը, իր տունը, այն քաղաքը, որտեղից փախել է”»:
6 Եւ անիկա այն քաղաքին մէջ պիտի բնակի, մինչեւ որ դատաստանի համար ժողովին առջեւ կայնի ու մինչեւ որ այն օրուան քահանայապետը մեռնի։ Անկէ ետքը սպաննողը կրնայ դառնալ իր քաղաքը ու իր տունը երթալ՝ այսինքն այն քաղաքը ուրկէ փախեր էր։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:66: пусть он живет в этом городе, доколе не предстанет пред общество на суд, доколе не умрет великий священник, который будет в те дни. А потом пусть возвратится убийца и пойдет в город свой и в дом свой, в город, из которого он убежал.
20:9 αὗται ουτος this; he αἱ ο the πόλεις πολις city αἱ ο the ἐπίκλητοι επικλητος the υἱοῖς υιος son Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel καὶ και and; even τῷ ο the προσηλύτῳ προσηλυτος proselyte τῷ ο the προσκειμένῳ προσκειμαι in αὐτοῖς αυτος he; him καταφυγεῖν καταφευγω flee for refuge ἐκεῖ εκει there παντὶ πας all; every παίοντι παιω strike ψυχὴν ψυχη soul ἀκουσίως ακουσιως so; that μὴ μη not ἀποθάνῃ αποθνησκω die ἐν εν in χειρὶ χειρ hand τοῦ ο the ἀγχιστεύοντος αγχιστευω the αἷμα αιμα blood; bloodstreams ἕως εως till; until ἂν αν perhaps; ever καταστῇ καθιστημι establish; appoint ἔναντι εναντι next to; in the presence of τῆς ο the συναγωγῆς συναγωγη gathering εἰς εις into; for κρίσιν κρισις decision; judgment
20:6 וְ wᵊ וְ and יָשַׁ֣ב׀ yāšˈav ישׁב sit בָּ bā בְּ in † הַ the עִ֣יר ʕˈîr עִיר town הַ ha הַ the הִ֗יא hˈî הִיא she עַד־ ʕaḏ- עַד unto עָמְדֹ֞ו ʕāmᵊḏˈô עמד stand לִ li לְ to פְנֵ֤י fᵊnˈê פָּנֶה face הָֽ hˈā הַ the עֵדָה֙ ʕēḏˌā עֵדָה gathering לַ la לְ to † הַ the מִּשְׁפָּ֔ט mmišpˈāṭ מִשְׁפָּט justice עַד־ ʕaḏ- עַד unto מֹות֙ môṯ מָוֶת death הַ ha הַ the כֹּהֵ֣ן kkōhˈēn כֹּהֵן priest הַ ha הַ the גָּדֹ֔ול ggāḏˈôl גָּדֹול great אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative] יִהְיֶ֖ה yihyˌeh היה be בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the יָּמִ֣ים yyāmˈîm יֹום day הָ hā הַ the הֵ֑ם hˈēm הֵם they אָ֣ז׀ ʔˈāz אָז then יָשׁ֣וּב yāšˈûv שׁוב return הָ hā הַ the רֹוצֵ֗חַ rôṣˈēₐḥ רצח kill וּ û וְ and בָ֤א vˈā בוא come אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to עִירֹו֙ ʕîrˌô עִיר town וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to בֵּיתֹ֔ו bêṯˈô בַּיִת house אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to הָ hā הַ the עִ֖יר ʕˌîr עִיר town אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative] נָ֥ס nˌās נוס flee מִ mi מִן from שָּֽׁם׃ ššˈām שָׁם there
20:6. et habitabit in civitate illa donec stet ante iudicium causam reddens facti sui et moriatur sacerdos magnus qui fuerit in illo tempore tunc revertetur homicida et ingredietur civitatem et domum suam de qua fugeratAnd he shall dwell in that city, till he stand before judgment to give an account of his fact, and till the death of the high priest, who shall be at that time: then shall the manslayer return, and go into his own city and house from whence he fled.
6. And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgment, until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the manslayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled.
20:6. And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgment, [and] until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled.
20:6. And he shall live in that city, until he stands before judgment in order to render the facts of his case, and until the death of the high priest, whoever it will be in that time. Then the one who killed a man may return, and he may enter his own city and house, from which he had fled.”
And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgment, [and] until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled:

6: пусть он живет в этом городе, доколе не предстанет пред общество на суд, доколе не умрет великий священник, который будет в те дни. А потом пусть возвратится убийца и пойдет в город свой и в дом свой, в город, из которого он убежал.
20:9
αὗται ουτος this; he
αἱ ο the
πόλεις πολις city
αἱ ο the
ἐπίκλητοι επικλητος the
υἱοῖς υιος son
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
καὶ και and; even
τῷ ο the
προσηλύτῳ προσηλυτος proselyte
τῷ ο the
προσκειμένῳ προσκειμαι in
αὐτοῖς αυτος he; him
καταφυγεῖν καταφευγω flee for refuge
ἐκεῖ εκει there
παντὶ πας all; every
παίοντι παιω strike
ψυχὴν ψυχη soul
ἀκουσίως ακουσιως so; that
μὴ μη not
ἀποθάνῃ αποθνησκω die
ἐν εν in
χειρὶ χειρ hand
τοῦ ο the
ἀγχιστεύοντος αγχιστευω the
αἷμα αιμα blood; bloodstreams
ἕως εως till; until
ἂν αν perhaps; ever
καταστῇ καθιστημι establish; appoint
ἔναντι εναντι next to; in the presence of
τῆς ο the
συναγωγῆς συναγωγη gathering
εἰς εις into; for
κρίσιν κρισις decision; judgment
20:6
וְ wᵊ וְ and
יָשַׁ֣ב׀ yāšˈav ישׁב sit
בָּ בְּ in
הַ the
עִ֣יר ʕˈîr עִיר town
הַ ha הַ the
הִ֗יא hˈî הִיא she
עַד־ ʕaḏ- עַד unto
עָמְדֹ֞ו ʕāmᵊḏˈô עמד stand
לִ li לְ to
פְנֵ֤י fᵊnˈê פָּנֶה face
הָֽ hˈā הַ the
עֵדָה֙ ʕēḏˌā עֵדָה gathering
לַ la לְ to
הַ the
מִּשְׁפָּ֔ט mmišpˈāṭ מִשְׁפָּט justice
עַד־ ʕaḏ- עַד unto
מֹות֙ môṯ מָוֶת death
הַ ha הַ the
כֹּהֵ֣ן kkōhˈēn כֹּהֵן priest
הַ ha הַ the
גָּדֹ֔ול ggāḏˈôl גָּדֹול great
אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
יִהְיֶ֖ה yihyˌeh היה be
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
יָּמִ֣ים yyāmˈîm יֹום day
הָ הַ the
הֵ֑ם hˈēm הֵם they
אָ֣ז׀ ʔˈāz אָז then
יָשׁ֣וּב yāšˈûv שׁוב return
הָ הַ the
רֹוצֵ֗חַ rôṣˈēₐḥ רצח kill
וּ û וְ and
בָ֤א vˈā בוא come
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
עִירֹו֙ ʕîrˌô עִיר town
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
בֵּיתֹ֔ו bêṯˈô בַּיִת house
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
הָ הַ the
עִ֖יר ʕˌîr עִיר town
אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative]
נָ֥ס nˌās נוס flee
מִ mi מִן from
שָּֽׁם׃ ššˈām שָׁם there
20:6. et habitabit in civitate illa donec stet ante iudicium causam reddens facti sui et moriatur sacerdos magnus qui fuerit in illo tempore tunc revertetur homicida et ingredietur civitatem et domum suam de qua fugerat
And he shall dwell in that city, till he stand before judgment to give an account of his fact, and till the death of the high priest, who shall be at that time: then shall the manslayer return, and go into his own city and house from whence he fled.
20:6. And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for judgment, [and] until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled.
20:6. And he shall live in that city, until he stands before judgment in order to render the facts of his case, and until the death of the high priest, whoever it will be in that time. Then the one who killed a man may return, and he may enter his own city and house, from which he had fled.”
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ kjv_1900▾ catholic_pdv▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
6: Время жительства ненамеренного убийцы в городе убежища определено двумя сроками, ввиду краткости изложения соединенными вместе: доколе не предстанет пред обществом на суд, доколе не умрет великий священник. Взаимное отношение этих сроков видно из Втор XIX:11–12: и Чис XXXV:24–25, где говорится , что если убежавший в город убежища по суду старейшин города, в котором он жил прежде, окажется намеренным убийцей, то старейшины должны взять его из города убежища и передать его в руки мстителя за кровь; а если удалившийся в город убежища и по суду старейшин города, в котором он прежде жил, оказывался не намеренно убившим ближнего своего, то он должен быть возвращен в город убежища и в нем оставаться до смерти великого священника. Для времени жительства ненамеренного убийцы в городе убежища не назначено определенного срока; продолжительность его поставлена в зависимость от продолжительности жизни первосвященника, при котором произошло ненамеренное убийство; а так как жизнью и смертью людей владеет Бог, то, следовательно, определение этой продолжительности предоставлено было воле Господа. И в этом законе Моисея, как и в других, выразилась мысль о Боге как Верховном Судье.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:6: until: Num 35:12, Num 35:24, Num 35:25; Heb 9:26
Geneva 1599
20:6 And he shall dwell in that city, until he stand before the congregation for (c) judgment, [and] until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days: then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled.
(c) Till his cause was proved.
John Gill
20:6 And he shall dwell in that city until he shall stand before the congregation for judgment,.... That is, until his cause was heard in the court of judicature in his own city, or in any other to which the avenger of blood should appeal: see Num 35:24; who if they found him guilty of death, they put him to death; but if only guilty of accidental manslaughter, then they delivered him up to his city of refuge for safety, where he was to abide
until the death of the high priest that shall be in those days; see Num 35:25,
then shall the slayer return, and come unto his own city, and unto his own house, unto the city from whence he fled; and live with his family in the enjoyment of his possessions and estates, honours, and privileges belonging to him, as before; see Num 35:28.
John Wesley
20:6 Stand - Which was the posture of the accused and accusers. The congregation - The council appointed to judge of these matters, not the council of the city of refuge, for they had examined him before, Josh 20:4, but of the city to which he belonged, or in or nigh which the fact was committed, as appears from Num 35:25.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
20:6 until the death of the high priest--His death secured the complete deliverance of the manslayer from his sin, only because he had been anointed with the holy oil (Num 35:25), the symbol of the Holy Ghost; and thus the death of the earthly high priest became a type of that of the heavenly one (Heb 9:14-15).
20:720:7: Եւ զատուցին զԿադէս ՚ի Գալիլեա՝ ՚ի լերինն Նեփթաղիմայ. եւ զՍիւքեմ ՚ի լերինն Եփրեմայ։ Եւ զքաղաքն Արբոկ՝ ա՛յն է Քեբրոն ՚ի լերինն Յուդայ։
7. Եւ առանձնացրին Կադէսը Գալիլիայում, Նեփթաղիմի լերան վրայ, Սիւքէմը՝ Եփրեմի լերան վրայ, եւ Արբոկ քաղաքը, այսինքն՝ Քեբրոնը Յուդայի լերան վրայ.
7 Ուստի Գալիլիայի մէջ Կադէսը զատեցին* Նեփթաղիմի լեռնակողմը, Սիւքէմը՝ Եփրեմի լեռնակողմը եւ Կարիաթ–Արբան՝ այսինքն Քեբրոնը՝ Յուդայի լեռնակողմը։
Եւ զատուցին զԿադէս ի Գալիլեա ի լերինն Նեփթաղիմայ, եւ զՍիւքեմ ի լերինն Եփրեմայ, եւ զքաղաքն Արբոկ` այն է Քեբրոն ի լերինն Յուդայ:

20:7: Եւ զատուցին զԿադէս ՚ի Գալիլեա՝ ՚ի լերինն Նեփթաղիմայ. եւ զՍիւքեմ ՚ի լերինն Եփրեմայ։ Եւ զքաղաքն Արբոկ՝ ա՛յն է Քեբրոն ՚ի լերինն Յուդայ։
7. Եւ առանձնացրին Կադէսը Գալիլիայում, Նեփթաղիմի լերան վրայ, Սիւքէմը՝ Եփրեմի լերան վրայ, եւ Արբոկ քաղաքը, այսինքն՝ Քեբրոնը Յուդայի լերան վրայ.
7 Ուստի Գալիլիայի մէջ Կադէսը զատեցին* Նեփթաղիմի լեռնակողմը, Սիւքէմը՝ Եփրեմի լեռնակողմը եւ Կարիաթ–Արբան՝ այսինքն Քեբրոնը՝ Յուդայի լեռնակողմը։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:77: И отделили Кедес в Галилее на горе Неффалимовой, Сихем на горе Ефремовой, и Кириаф-Арбы, иначе Хеврон, на горе Иудиной;
20:7 וַ wa וְ and יַּקְדִּ֜שׁוּ yyaqdˈišû קדשׁ be holy אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] קֶ֤דֶשׁ qˈeḏeš קֶדֶשׁ Kedesh בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the גָּלִיל֙ ggālîl גָּלִיל Galilee בְּ bᵊ בְּ in הַ֣ר hˈar הַר mountain נַפְתָּלִ֔י naftālˈî נַפְתָּלִי Naphtali וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] שְׁכֶ֖ם šᵊḵˌem שְׁכֶם Shechem בְּ bᵊ בְּ in הַ֣ר hˈar הַר mountain אֶפְרָ֑יִם ʔefrˈāyim אֶפְרַיִם Ephraim וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] קִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע qiryˌaṯ ʔarbˈaʕ קִרְיַת אַרְבַּע Kiriath Arba הִ֥יא hˌî הִיא she חֶבְרֹ֖ון ḥevrˌôn חֶבְרֹון Hebron בְּ bᵊ בְּ in הַ֥ר hˌar הַר mountain יְהוּדָֽה׃ yᵊhûḏˈā יְהוּדָה Judah
20:7. decreveruntque Cedes in Galilea montis Nepthali et Sychem in monte Ephraim et Cariatharbe ipsa est Hebron in monte IudaAnd they appointed Cedes in Galilee of mount Nephtali, and Sichem in mount Ephraim, and Cariath-Arbe, the same is Hebron in the mountain of Juda.
7. And they set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, and Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath-arba ( the same is Hebron) in the hill country of Judah.
20:7. And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjatharba, which [is] Hebron, in the mountain of Judah.
20:7. And they decreed Kedesh in Galilee, at mount Naphtali, and Shechem, at mount Ephraim, and Kiriath-Arba, which is Hebron, at mount Judah.
And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjath- arba, which [is] Hebron, in the mountain of Judah:

7: И отделили Кедес в Галилее на горе Неффалимовой, Сихем на горе Ефремовой, и Кириаф-Арбы, иначе Хеврон, на горе Иудиной;
20:7
וַ wa וְ and
יַּקְדִּ֜שׁוּ yyaqdˈišû קדשׁ be holy
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
קֶ֤דֶשׁ qˈeḏeš קֶדֶשׁ Kedesh
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
גָּלִיל֙ ggālîl גָּלִיל Galilee
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
הַ֣ר hˈar הַר mountain
נַפְתָּלִ֔י naftālˈî נַפְתָּלִי Naphtali
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
שְׁכֶ֖ם šᵊḵˌem שְׁכֶם Shechem
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
הַ֣ר hˈar הַר mountain
אֶפְרָ֑יִם ʔefrˈāyim אֶפְרַיִם Ephraim
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
קִרְיַ֥ת אַרְבַּ֛ע qiryˌaṯ ʔarbˈaʕ קִרְיַת אַרְבַּע Kiriath Arba
הִ֥יא hˌî הִיא she
חֶבְרֹ֖ון ḥevrˌôn חֶבְרֹון Hebron
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
הַ֥ר hˌar הַר mountain
יְהוּדָֽה׃ yᵊhûḏˈā יְהוּדָה Judah
20:7. decreveruntque Cedes in Galilea montis Nepthali et Sychem in monte Ephraim et Cariatharbe ipsa est Hebron in monte Iuda
And they appointed Cedes in Galilee of mount Nephtali, and Sichem in mount Ephraim, and Cariath-Arbe, the same is Hebron in the mountain of Juda.
20:7. And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjatharba, which [is] Hebron, in the mountain of Judah.
20:7. And they decreed Kedesh in Galilee, at mount Naphtali, and Shechem, at mount Ephraim, and Kiriath-Arba, which is Hebron, at mount Judah.
ru▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ kjv_1900▾ catholic_pdv▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ac▾ mh▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
7: Из городов западно-иорданской страны отделили (по евр. тексту «ваийакдишу» — «посвятили») в качестве городов убежища такие, которые находились в трех главных областях: Кедес (ХII:22) в Галилее (у 70-ти: Galeilaia, в еврейском тексте «галил» — «округ») на горе Неффалимовой, т. е. в северном округе области, называвшейся в последующее время Галилеею; Сихем на горе Ефремовой (XVII:7) и Хеврон (X:3).
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
7 And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem in mount Ephraim, and Kirjath-arba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah. 8 And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness upon the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh. 9 These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth any person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.
We have here the nomination of the cities of refuge in the land of Canaan, which was made by the advice and authority of Joshua and the princes (v. 7); and upon occasion of the mention of this is repeated the nomination of the other three in the lot of the other two tribes and a half, which was made by Moses (Deut. iv. 43), but (as bishop Patrick thinks) they had not the privilege till now. 1. They are said to sanctify these cities, that is the original word for appointed, v. 7. Not that any ceremony was used to signify the consecration of them, only they did by a public act of court solemnly declare them cities of refuge, and as such sacred to the honour of God, as the protector of exposed innocency. If they were sanctuaries, it was proper to say they were sanctified. Christ, our refuge, was sanctified by his Father; nay, for our sakes he sanctified himself, John xvii. 19. 2. These cities (as those also on the other side Jordan) stood in the three several parts of the country, so conveniently that a man might (they say) in half a day reach some one of them from any corner of the country. Kedesh was in Naphtali, the most northern tribe, Hebron in Judah, the most southern, and Shechem in Ephraim, which lay in the middle, about equally distant from the other two. God is a refuge at hand. 3. They were all Levites' cities, which put an honour upon God's tribe, making them judges in those cases wherein divine Providence was so nearly concerned, and protectors to oppressed innocency. It was also a kindness to the poor refugee, that when he might not go up to the house of the Lord, nor tread his courts, yet he had the servants of God's house with him, to instruct him, and pray for him, and help to make up the want of public ordinances. If he must be confined, it shall be to a Levite-city, where he may, if he will, improve his time. 4. These cities were upon hills to be seen afar off, for a city on a hill cannot be hid; and this would both direct and encourage the poor distressed man that was making that way; and, though therefore his way at last was up-hill, yet this would comfort him, that he would be in his place of safety quickly, and if he could but get into the suburbs of the city he was well enough off. 5. Some observe a significancy in the names of these cities with application to Christ our refuge. I delight not in quibbling upon names, yet am willing to take notice of these. Kedesh signifies holy, and our refuge is the holy Jesus. Shechem, a shoulder, and the government is upon his shoulder. Hebron, fellowship, and believers are called into the fellowship of Christ Jesus our Lord. Bezer, a fortification, for he is a strong-hold to all those that trust in him. Ramoth, high or exalted, for him hath God exalted with his own right hand. Golan, joy or exultation, for in him all the saints are justified, and shall glory. Lastly, Besides all these, the horns of the altar, wherever it was, were a refuge to those who took hold of them, if the crime were such as that sanctuary allowed. This is implied in that law (Exod. xxi. 14), that a wilful murderer shall be taken from God's altar to be put to death. And we find the altar used for this purpose. 1 Kings i. 50; ii. 28. Christ is our altar, who not only sanctifies the gift, but protects the giver.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
20:7: They appointed Kedesh in Galilee - The cities of refuge were distributed through the land at proper distances from each other that they might be convenient to every part of the land; and it is said they were situated on eminences, that they might be easily seen at a distance, the roads leading to them being broad, even, and always kept in good repair. In the concluding note on Num 35:33 it has been stated that these cities were a type of our blessed Lord, and that the apostle refers to them as such, Heb 6:17, Heb 6:18. Hence their names have been considered as descriptive of some character or office of Christ. I shall give each and its signification, and leave the application to others.
1. קדש Kedesh, from kadash, to separate or set apart, because it implies the consecration of a person or thing to the worship or service of God alone; hence to make or be holy, and hence Kedesh, holiness, the full consecration of a person to God.
2. שכם Shechem, from shacham, to be ready, forward, and diligent; hence Shechem, the shoulder, because of its readiness to bear burdens, prop up, sustain, etc., and from this ideal meaning it has the metaphorical one of Government.
3. חברון chebron; Hebron, from חבר chabar, to associate, join, conjoin, unite as friends; and hence chebron, fellowship, friendly association, or with the diminutive nun, the little fellow-ship or association.
4. בצר Bezer, from batsar, to restrain, enclose, shut up, or encompass with a wall; and hence the goods or treasure thus secured, and hence a fortified place, a fortress.
5. ראמות Ramoth, from ראם raam, to be raised, made high or exalted, and hence Ramoth, high places, eminences.
6. גולן Golan, from גלה galah, to remove, transmigrate, or pass away; hence Golan, a transmigration or passage. Some derive it from גל gal, to rejoice, hence Golan, rejoicing or exultation.
A person of the spirit and turn of Origen could preach the whole Gospel from these particulars. Kedesh and Hebron were at the two extremities of the promised land; one was in Galilee, the other in the tribe of Judah, both in mountainous countries; and Shechem was in the tribe of Ephraim, nearly in the middle, between both. Bezer was on the east side of Jordan, in the plain, opposite to Jericho. Ramoth was about the midst of the country occupied by the two tribes and a half, about the middle of the mountains of Gilead. Golan was the capital of a district called Gaulonitis, in the land of Bashan, towards the southern extremity of the lot of Manasseh.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:7: appointed: Heb. sanctified
Kedesh: Kedesh, called Cadesa, or Caidesa, by Josephus, was situated in Upper Galilee, twenty miles south-east from Tyre, according to Eusebius. The cities of refuge were distributed through the land at proper distances from each other, that they might be convenient to every part of the land; and it is said they were situated on eminences, that they might be easily seen at a distance; the roads leading to them being broad, even, and always kept in good repair. Kedesh and Hebron were at the two extremities of the land, the former being in Galilee, and the latter in Judah, both in mountainous districts, and Shechem was in mount Ephraim, nearly in the centre. Bezer was east of Jordan, in the eastern part of the plain opposite Jericho; Ramoth was about the midst of the country of the two tribes and a half, being about the middle of the mountains of Gilead; and Golan, the capital of Gaulonitis, was situated in the tribe of Manasseh, in the land of Bashan. As this institution is considered as a type of Christ, some expositors observe a significancy in the names of these cities with application to Him as Our Refuge. Kedesh signifies holy, and our refuge is the holy Jesus. Shechem, a shoulder, "and the government is upon his shoulder." Hebron, fellowship, and believers are called into the fellowship of Christ Jesus our Lord. Bezer, a fortification, for he is a strong hold to all them that trust in him. Ramoth, high, or exalted, for him hath God exalted with his own right hand. Golan, joy, or exultation, for in him all the saints are justified, and shall glory. Jos 21:32; Ch1 6:76
Shechem: Jos 21:21; Gen 33:18, Gen 33:19; Ch2 10:1
Kirjatharba: Jos 14:15, Jos 21:11, Jos 21:13
mountain: Luk 1:39
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch
20:7
List of the cites: Levitical cities were chosen, for the reasons explained in the Commentary on the Pentateuch.
Josh 20:7
In the land on this side (viz., Canaan) they sanctified the following cities. In the north, Kedesh (see at Josh 12:22), in Galil, on the mountains of Naphtali. Galil (a circle) was a district in the northern part of the subsequent province of Galilee; it is called הגּוים גּליל, circle of the heathen, in Is 9:1, because an unusually large number of heathen or Gentiles were living there. In the centre of the land, Shechem, upon the mountains of Ephraim (see at Josh 17:7). And in the south, Kirjath-arba, i.e., Hebron, upon the mountains of Judah (see at Josh 10:3).
Josh 20:8-9
The cities in the land on the other side had already been appointed by Moses (Deut 4:41-43). For the sake of completeness, they are mentioned here again: viz., Bezer, Ramoth in Gilead, and Golan (see at Deut 4:43). The subject is brought to a close in Josh 20:9. המּוּעדה ערי signifies neither urbes congregationis (Kimchi) nor urbes asyli (Gesenius), but cities of appointment, - those which received the appointment already given and repeated again in what follows.
John Gill
20:7 And they appointed Kedesh in Galilee in Mount Naphtali,.... Of which see Josh 19:37; the appointment of this and the two cities following was made by the children of Israel at this time:
and Shechem in Mount Ephraim; called Sichem, Gen 12:6; and Shechem from a prince of that name that possessed it, Gen 34:2; it fell to the lot of the tribe of Ephraim; its name in the New Testament is Sychar, Jn 4:5; and it is now called Neapolis, or Naplouse:
and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah; it stood in the hill country of Judea, Lk 1:39; of which see Josh 14:15. There seems to be a difficulty here, since this city was before given to Caleb, Josh 14:13; and yet afterwards given to the Levites, and appointed a city of refuge. The Jews reconcile this by observing, that the city and suburbs were given to the Levites, and fixed for a city of refuge; but the villages and fields, and country around it, and belonging to it, were given to Caleb, Josh 21:12; and Abarbinel makes no doubt that the children of Judah gave something else to Caleb in lieu of it. As these cities of refuge were typical of Christ, as has been observed on Num 35:29; their names are applicable to him. "Kedesh" signifies "holy" or "holiness"; Christ is holy in both his natures, divine and human; and so abundantly qualified to be the Mediator, Saviour, and Redeemer; and is the fountain of holiness to his people, and is made sanctification to them, Ps 16:10 1Cor 1:30; and "Shechem" signifies the "shoulder"; and not only the government of the church and people of God is on the shoulder of Christ, but all their sins have been laid upon him, and bore by him; and every particular soul in conversion, every lost sheep, is looked up by him, and taken up and brought home on his shoulder, Is 9:6 Lk 15:4. "Hebron" signifies "fellowship"; in the effectual calling, the saints are called into fellowship with Christ, and their fellowship is with the Father, and his Son Jesus Christ; through him they have access to God, and communion with him now, and shall have uninterrupted communion with him to all eternity, 1Cor 1:9 Jn 17:24.
John Wesley
20:7 And they appointed - Concerning these cities note, That they were all upon mountains, that they might be seen at a great distance, and so direct those who fled thither. That they were seated at convenient distance one from another, for the benefit of the several tribes; for Kedesh was in the north, Hebron in the south, and Shechem between them. That they all belonged to the Levites; partly that these causes might be more impartially examined, and justly determined by them who are presumed best able to understand the law of God, and most obliged to follow it and not to be biass'd by any affection or corrupt interest, and partly, that their reputation with the people, and their good counsels, might lay a restraint upon revengeful persons, who might be inclined to follow the man - slayer thither, and endeavour to kill him there. It was likewise an advantage to the poor refugee, that when he might not go up to the house of the Lord, yet he had the servants of God's house with him, to instruct him, and pray for him, and help to make up the want of public ordinances.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
20:7 THE ISRAELITES APPOINT BY NAME THE CITIES OF REFUGE. (Josh 20:7-9)
they appointed . . . cities--There were six; three on the west, and three on the east, of Jordan. In the first instance, they were a provision of the criminal law of the Hebrews, necessary in the circumstances of that people (see on Num 35:11; Deut 19:2). At the same time they were designed also typically to point out the sinner's way to Christ (Heb 6:18).
20:820:8: Եւ յայնկոյս Յորդանանու յարեւելից Երեքոյի։ Եւ ետուն զԲոսոր յանապատին ՚ի դաշտի, ՚ի ցեղէն Ռուբինի. եւ զՌամովթ ՚ի Գաղաադ, ՚ի ցեղէն Գադայ. եւ զԳովղան ՚ի Բասանաստան ՚ի ցեղէն Մանասէի[2372]։ [2372] Յօրինակին. Եւ զԴովզան ՚ի Բասանաս՛՛։
8. Յորդանան գետի այն կողմում, Երիքովի արեւելքում Ռուբէնի ցեղից առանձնացրին Բոսորը, որ անապատում մի հարթավայր էր, Գադի ցեղից՝ Ռամոթը Գաղաադում, Մանասէի ցեղից՝ Գողանը Բասանաստանում:
8 Ու Երիքովի դէմը Յորդանանի անդիի կողմը դէպի արեւելք՝ Ռուբէնին ցեղէն՝ անապատին մէջ Բոսորը եւ Գադի ցեղէն՝ Գաղաադի մէջ Ռամովթը ու Մանասէին ցեղէն՝ Բասանի մէջ Գովղանը տուին։
եւ յայնկոյս Յորդանանու յարեւելից Երեքոյի, ետուն զԲոսոր յանապատին ի դաշտի` ի ցեղէն Ռուբենի, եւ զՌամովթ ի Գաղաադ` ի ցեղէն Գադայ, եւ զԳովղան ի Բասանաստան` ի ցեղէն Մանասէի:

20:8: Եւ յայնկոյս Յորդանանու յարեւելից Երեքոյի։ Եւ ետուն զԲոսոր յանապատին ՚ի դաշտի, ՚ի ցեղէն Ռուբինի. եւ զՌամովթ ՚ի Գաղաադ, ՚ի ցեղէն Գադայ. եւ զԳովղան ՚ի Բասանաստան ՚ի ցեղէն Մանասէի[2372]։
[2372] Յօրինակին. Եւ զԴովզան ՚ի Բասանաս՛՛։
8. Յորդանան գետի այն կողմում, Երիքովի արեւելքում Ռուբէնի ցեղից առանձնացրին Բոսորը, որ անապատում մի հարթավայր էր, Գադի ցեղից՝ Ռամոթը Գաղաադում, Մանասէի ցեղից՝ Գողանը Բասանաստանում:
8 Ու Երիքովի դէմը Յորդանանի անդիի կողմը դէպի արեւելք՝ Ռուբէնին ցեղէն՝ անապատին մէջ Բոսորը եւ Գադի ցեղէն՝ Գաղաադի մէջ Ռամովթը ու Մանասէին ցեղէն՝ Բասանի մէջ Գովղանը տուին։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:88: за Иорданом, против Иерихона к востоку, отделили: Бецер в пустыне, на равнине, от колена Рувимова, и Рамоф в Галааде от колена Гадова, и Голан в Васане от колена Манассиина;
20:8 וּ û וְ and מֵ mē מִן from עֵ֜בֶר ʕˈēver עֵבֶר opposite לְ lᵊ לְ to יַרְדֵּ֤ן yardˈēn יַרְדֵּן Jordan יְרִיחֹו֙ yᵊrîḥˌô יְרִיחֹוֿ יְרִחֹו Jericho מִזְרָ֔חָה mizrˈāḥā מִזְרָח sunrise נָתְנ֞וּ nāṯᵊnˈû נתן give אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] בֶּ֧צֶר bˈeṣer בֶּצֶר [place of refuge] בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the מִּדְבָּ֛ר mmiḏbˈār מִדְבָּר desert בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the מִּישֹׁ֖ר mmîšˌōr מִישֹׁור fairness מִ mi מִן from מַּטֵּ֣ה mmaṭṭˈē מַטֶּה staff רְאוּבֵ֑ן rᵊʔûvˈēn רְאוּבֵן Reuben וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] רָאמֹ֤ת rāmˈōṯ רָמֹת Ramoth בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the גִּלְעָד֙ ggilʕˌāḏ גִּלְעָד Gilead מִ mi מִן from מַּטֵּה־ mmaṭṭē- מַטֶּה staff גָ֔ד ḡˈāḏ גָּד Gad וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] גֹּולָ֥ןגלון *gôlˌān גֹּולָן Golan בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the בָּשָׁ֖ן bbāšˌān בָּשָׁן Bashan מִ mi מִן from מַּטֵּ֥ה mmaṭṭˌē מַטֶּה staff מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ mᵊnaššˈeh מְנַשֶּׁה Manasseh
20:8. et trans Iordanem contra orientalem plagam Hiericho statuerunt Bosor quae sita est in campestri solitudine de tribu Ruben et Ramoth in Galaad de tribu Gad et Gaulon in Basan de tribu ManasseAnd beyond the Jordan to the east of Jericho, they appointed Bosor, which is upon the plain of the wilderness of the tribe of Ruben, and Ramoth in Galaad of the tribe of Gad, and Gaulon in Basan of the tribe of Manasses.
8. And beyond the Jordan at Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness in the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.
20:8. And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness upon the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.
20:8. And beyond the Jordan, opposite the eastern side of Jericho, they appointed Bezer, which is situated on the plain of the wilderness of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan of the tribe of Manasseh.
And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness upon the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh:

8: за Иорданом, против Иерихона к востоку, отделили: Бецер в пустыне, на равнине, от колена Рувимова, и Рамоф в Галааде от колена Гадова, и Голан в Васане от колена Манассиина;
20:8
וּ û וְ and
מֵ מִן from
עֵ֜בֶר ʕˈēver עֵבֶר opposite
לְ lᵊ לְ to
יַרְדֵּ֤ן yardˈēn יַרְדֵּן Jordan
יְרִיחֹו֙ yᵊrîḥˌô יְרִיחֹוֿ יְרִחֹו Jericho
מִזְרָ֔חָה mizrˈāḥā מִזְרָח sunrise
נָתְנ֞וּ nāṯᵊnˈû נתן give
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
בֶּ֧צֶר bˈeṣer בֶּצֶר [place of refuge]
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
מִּדְבָּ֛ר mmiḏbˈār מִדְבָּר desert
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
מִּישֹׁ֖ר mmîšˌōr מִישֹׁור fairness
מִ mi מִן from
מַּטֵּ֣ה mmaṭṭˈē מַטֶּה staff
רְאוּבֵ֑ן rᵊʔûvˈēn רְאוּבֵן Reuben
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
רָאמֹ֤ת rāmˈōṯ רָמֹת Ramoth
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
גִּלְעָד֙ ggilʕˌāḏ גִּלְעָד Gilead
מִ mi מִן from
מַּטֵּה־ mmaṭṭē- מַטֶּה staff
גָ֔ד ḡˈāḏ גָּד Gad
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
גֹּולָ֥ןגלון
*gôlˌān גֹּולָן Golan
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
בָּשָׁ֖ן bbāšˌān בָּשָׁן Bashan
מִ mi מִן from
מַּטֵּ֥ה mmaṭṭˌē מַטֶּה staff
מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ mᵊnaššˈeh מְנַשֶּׁה Manasseh
20:8. et trans Iordanem contra orientalem plagam Hiericho statuerunt Bosor quae sita est in campestri solitudine de tribu Ruben et Ramoth in Galaad de tribu Gad et Gaulon in Basan de tribu Manasse
And beyond the Jordan to the east of Jericho, they appointed Bosor, which is upon the plain of the wilderness of the tribe of Ruben, and Ramoth in Galaad of the tribe of Gad, and Gaulon in Basan of the tribe of Manasses.
20:8. And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness upon the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh.
20:8. And beyond the Jordan, opposite the eastern side of Jericho, they appointed Bezer, which is situated on the plain of the wilderness of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan of the tribe of Manasseh.
ru▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ kjv_1900▾ catholic_pdv▾
jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
8: Для восточно-иорданской страны [Эта страна обозначена здесь по еврейскому тексту словами за Иорданом, против Иерихона, к востоку. В древнем Ватиканском списке слов против Иерихона не находится. Это опущение заслуживает внимания в том отношении, что и без опущенных слов понятно, какая разумеется страна, и что ни один из названных далее городов не находился против Иерихона.] города убежища назначены были еще Моисеем (Втор IV:43). Бецер во пустыне (славянское — Восор) находился на восточной стороне Мертвого моря в Касур-ель-Бешейр, как называются развалины к юго-западу от Дивана (XIII:7), Рамоф в Галааде (XIII:26: Рамаф-Мицфа) и Голан в Bacaне; место его, хотя от него получила название целая область (Гавланитис, в настоящее время Джолан), не найдено между многочисленными сохранившимися в ней развалинами; предположительно он указывается на восток от северной оконечности Геннисаретского озера. Все эти города были вместе с тем городами священников или левитов (XX:7, ср. с XXI:10–11, 21, 32: и др.). Выбор городов убежища из числа таких городов имел, без сомнения, ту цель, чтобы жившие в них священники или левиты своим участием в разбирательстве дел об убийстве способствовали возможно более справедливому решению их, а особое значение городов, как посвященных Богу, обеспечивало безопасность искавших в них убежища невольных убийц.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:8: Bezer: Jos 21:36; Deu 4:43; Ch1 6:78
Ramoth: Jos 21:38; Kg1 22:3, Kg1 22:4, Kg1 22:6; Ch1 6:80
Golan: Jos 21:27
Geneva 1599
20:8 And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward, they assigned Bezer in the wilderness upon the plain out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the (d) tribe of Manasseh.
(d) Out of the half tribe of Manasseh beyond the Jordan.
John Gill
20:8 And on the other side Jordan by Jericho eastward,.... In the country possessed by the tribes of Reuben and Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh:
they assigned Bezer in the wilderness, upon the plain, out of the tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in Bashan out of the tribe of Manasseh; of these places, and the signification of their names, and of the application of them to Christ, the antitype of the cities of refuge; see Gill on Deut 4:43. These last cities were not appointed now, they were appointed in the times of Moses, and severed by him, Deut 4:41; nor are they here said to be appointed, but to be assigned or "given" (c); they were now delivered up into the hands of the Levites for cities of refuge, for they were before severed for that use; they were not, according to the Jews (d), made use of as such, until the other three were appointed.
(c) "dederunt", Pagninus, Montanus, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator. (d) Misn. Maccot, c. 2. sect. 4. Maimon. Hilchot Rotzeach, c. 8. sect. 2, 3.
John Wesley
20:8 They assigned - Or, had assigned or given; for they were given by Moses, Deut 4:41, &c. or, they applied them to that use to which Moses designed them.
20:920:9: Ա՛յս են քաղաքք հոյակապք ամենայն որդւոցն Իսրայէլի, եւ եկին՝ յեցելո՛յ ՚ի նոսա. փախչե՛լ անդր ամենայնի որ հարկանիցէ զանձն ակամայ, զի մի՛ մեռանիցի ՚ի ձեռաց մերձաւորի արեանն, մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի[2373]։[2373] Օրինակ մի. Այն է քաղաքք խոյակապք։
9. Սրանք են բոլոր իսրայէլացիների եւ եկած, նրանց մէջ բնակուածների համար որոշուած հոյակապ քաղաքները, ուր կարող է փախչել ամէն ոք, որ ակամայ մարդ է սպանել, որպէսզի չսպանուի սպանուածի արիւնակցի ձեռքով, մինչեւ որ չկանգնի ժողովրդի առաջ ատեանում:
9 Բոլոր Իսրայէլի որդիներուն համար ու անոնց մէջ բնակող օտարականին համար որոշուած քաղաքները ասոնք են. որպէս զի ամէն ով որ սխալմամբ մարդ մեռցնէ, հոն փախչի ու արեան վրէժխնդրին ձեռքով չմեռնի, մինչեւ որ դատաստանի համար ժողովին առջեւ կայնի’»։
Այն են քաղաքք [350]հոյակապք ամենայն որդւոցն Իսրայելի եւ եկին յեցելոյ ի նոսա, փախչել անդր ամենայնի որ հարկանիցէ զանձն ակամայ. զի մի՛ մեռանիցի ի ձեռաց մերձաւորի արեանն, մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի:

20:9: Ա՛յս են քաղաքք հոյակապք ամենայն որդւոցն Իսրայէլի, եւ եկին՝ յեցելո՛յ ՚ի նոսա. փախչե՛լ անդր ամենայնի որ հարկանիցէ զանձն ակամայ, զի մի՛ մեռանիցի ՚ի ձեռաց մերձաւորի արեանն, մինչեւ կացցէ առաջի ժողովրդեանն յատենի[2373]։
[2373] Օրինակ մի. Այն է քաղաքք խոյակապք։
9. Սրանք են բոլոր իսրայէլացիների եւ եկած, նրանց մէջ բնակուածների համար որոշուած հոյակապ քաղաքները, ուր կարող է փախչել ամէն ոք, որ ակամայ մարդ է սպանել, որպէսզի չսպանուի սպանուածի արիւնակցի ձեռքով, մինչեւ որ չկանգնի ժողովրդի առաջ ատեանում:
9 Բոլոր Իսրայէլի որդիներուն համար ու անոնց մէջ բնակող օտարականին համար որոշուած քաղաքները ասոնք են. որպէս զի ամէն ով որ սխալմամբ մարդ մեռցնէ, հոն փախչի ու արեան վրէժխնդրին ձեռքով չմեռնի, մինչեւ որ դատաստանի համար ժողովին առջեւ կայնի’»։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
20:99: сии города назначены для всех сынов Израилевых и для пришельцев, живущих у них, дабы убегал туда всякий, убивший человека по ошибке, дабы не умер он от руки мстящего за кровь, доколе не предстанет пред общество [на суд].
20:9 אֵ֣לֶּה ʔˈēlleh אֵלֶּה these הָיוּ֩ hāyˌû היה be עָרֵ֨י ʕārˌê עִיר town הַ ha הַ the מּֽוּעָדָ֜ה mmˈûʕāḏˈā מוּעָדָה appointing לְ lᵊ לְ to כֹ֣ל׀ ḵˈōl כֹּל whole בְּנֵ֣י bᵊnˈê בֵּן son יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel וְ wᵊ וְ and לַ la לְ to † הַ the גֵּר֙ ggˌēr גֵּר sojourner הַ ha הַ the גָּ֣ר ggˈār גור dwell בְּ bᵊ בְּ in תֹוכָ֔ם ṯôḵˈām תָּוֶךְ midst לָ lā לְ to נ֣וּס nˈûs נוס flee שָׁ֔מָּה šˈāmmā שָׁם there כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole מַכֵּה־ makkē- נכה strike נֶ֖פֶשׁ nˌefeš נֶפֶשׁ soul בִּ bi בְּ in שְׁגָגָ֑ה šᵊḡāḡˈā שְׁגָגָה error וְ wᵊ וְ and לֹ֣א lˈō לֹא not יָמ֗וּת yāmˈûṯ מות die בְּ bᵊ בְּ in יַד֙ yˌaḏ יָד hand גֹּאֵ֣ל gōʔˈēl גאל redeem הַ ha הַ the דָּ֔ם ddˈām דָּם blood עַד־ ʕaḏ- עַד unto עָמְדֹ֖ו ʕāmᵊḏˌô עמד stand לִ li לְ to פְנֵ֥י fᵊnˌê פָּנֶה face הָ hā הַ the עֵדָֽה׃ פ ʕēḏˈā . f עֵדָה gathering
20:9. hae civitates constitutae sunt cunctis filiis Israhel et advenis qui habitant inter eos ut fugeret ad eas qui animam nescius percussisset et non moreretur in manu proximi effusum sanguinem vindicare cupientis donec staret ante populum expositurus causam suamThese cities were appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the strangers, that dwelt among them, that whosoever had killed a person unawares might flee to them, and not die by the hand of the kinsman, coveting to revenge the blood that was shed, until he should stand before the people to lay open his cause.
9. These were the appointed cities for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth any person unwittingly might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.
20:9. These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth [any] person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.
20:9. These cities were established for all the sons of Israel, and for the new arrivals who were living among them, so that whoever had struck down a life unintentionally might flee to these, and not die at the hand of a close relative who desires to vindicate the blood that was shed, until he should stand before the people, in order to present his case.
These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth [any] person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation:

9: сии города назначены для всех сынов Израилевых и для пришельцев, живущих у них, дабы убегал туда всякий, убивший человека по ошибке, дабы не умер он от руки мстящего за кровь, доколе не предстанет пред общество [на суд].
20:9
אֵ֣לֶּה ʔˈēlleh אֵלֶּה these
הָיוּ֩ hāyˌû היה be
עָרֵ֨י ʕārˌê עִיר town
הַ ha הַ the
מּֽוּעָדָ֜ה mmˈûʕāḏˈā מוּעָדָה appointing
לְ lᵊ לְ to
כֹ֣ל׀ ḵˈōl כֹּל whole
בְּנֵ֣י bᵊnˈê בֵּן son
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
וְ wᵊ וְ and
לַ la לְ to
הַ the
גֵּר֙ ggˌēr גֵּר sojourner
הַ ha הַ the
גָּ֣ר ggˈār גור dwell
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
תֹוכָ֔ם ṯôḵˈām תָּוֶךְ midst
לָ לְ to
נ֣וּס nˈûs נוס flee
שָׁ֔מָּה šˈāmmā שָׁם there
כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole
מַכֵּה־ makkē- נכה strike
נֶ֖פֶשׁ nˌefeš נֶפֶשׁ soul
בִּ bi בְּ in
שְׁגָגָ֑ה šᵊḡāḡˈā שְׁגָגָה error
וְ wᵊ וְ and
לֹ֣א lˈō לֹא not
יָמ֗וּת yāmˈûṯ מות die
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
יַד֙ yˌaḏ יָד hand
גֹּאֵ֣ל gōʔˈēl גאל redeem
הַ ha הַ the
דָּ֔ם ddˈām דָּם blood
עַד־ ʕaḏ- עַד unto
עָמְדֹ֖ו ʕāmᵊḏˌô עמד stand
לִ li לְ to
פְנֵ֥י fᵊnˌê פָּנֶה face
הָ הַ the
עֵדָֽה׃ פ ʕēḏˈā . f עֵדָה gathering
20:9. hae civitates constitutae sunt cunctis filiis Israhel et advenis qui habitant inter eos ut fugeret ad eas qui animam nescius percussisset et non moreretur in manu proximi effusum sanguinem vindicare cupientis donec staret ante populum expositurus causam suam
These cities were appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the strangers, that dwelt among them, that whosoever had killed a person unawares might flee to them, and not die by the hand of the kinsman, coveting to revenge the blood that was shed, until he should stand before the people to lay open his cause.
20:9. These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth [any] person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the congregation.
20:9. These cities were established for all the sons of Israel, and for the new arrivals who were living among them, so that whoever had struck down a life unintentionally might flee to these, and not die at the hand of a close relative who desires to vindicate the blood that was shed, until he should stand before the people, in order to present his case.
ru▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ kjv_1900▾ catholic_pdv▾
jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
20:9: For all the children of Israel, and for the stranger - As these typified the great provision which God was making for the salvation of both Jews and Gentiles, hence the stranger as well as the Israelite had the same right to the benefits of these cities of refuge. Is He the God of the Jews only? Is He not also the God of the Gentiles?
Until he stood before the congregation - The judges and elders of the people, in trying civil and criminal causes, always sat; the persons who came for judgment, or who were tried, always stood; hence the expressions so frequent in Scripture, Standing before the Lord, the judges, the elders, etc. It is worthy of remark that the cities of refuge were given to the Levites; see the following chapter, Joshua 21 (note). The sacrificial system alone afforded refuge; and while the suspected person was excluded from his family, etc., he had the advantage of being with those whose business it was to instruct the ignorant, and comfort the disconsolate. Thus he had the means constantly at hand, by a careful use of which he might grow wiser and better; secure the favor of his God, and a lot of blessedness in a better world. How wise, equal, and beneficent are all the institutions of God!
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
20:9: the cities: Num 35:15
until he stood: Jos 20:4, Jos 20:6
Geneva 1599
20:9 These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them, that whosoever killeth [any] person at unawares might flee thither, and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood, until he stood before the (e) congregation.
(e) Before the Judges.
John Gill
20:9 These were the cities appointed for all the children of Israel,.... For the common use of them all, and not for that tribe only in which they stood:
and for the stranger that sojourneth among them; not only for the proselytes of righteousness, but for the proselytes of the gate also, as well as for the natives of Israel; Christ is a refuge for Jews and Gentiles, for all sinners that flee to him:
that whosoever killeth any person unawares might flee thither; and find shelter and safety:
and not die by the hand of the avenger of blood; getting thither before he could overtake him:
until he stood before the congregation: either before the congregation, the elders of the city, or court of judicature in the city of refuge, or before the court of his own city, from whence he fled, if summoned thither.
John Wesley
20:9 The stranger - Not only proselytes, but others also; because this was a matter of common right, that a distinction might be made between casual man - slayers, and wilful murderers.